Blown-glassware manufacture



(No Model.)

E. H. GHILDS &u O. R. POWELL.

BLOWN GLASSWARE MANUFACTURE. i No. 275399. Patented Apr. 17,1883.

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ATTU'HNEY5- UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDVVARD H. OHILDS AND CHARLIE B. POlVELL, OF BELLAIRE, OHIO.

BLOWN-GLASSWARE MANUFACTU RE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275399, dated Aprl 17, 1883,

(No model.)

To all whom it may cmcer:

Be it known that we, EDWARD H. OHILDS and CHARLIE R. POWELL, residents of Bellaire, in the county of Belmont and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Blown Glassware; and we do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawing, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which forms apart ofthis specification.

This invention relates to an improved mode of cutting or crackingofi', as it is commonly called, the ends of blown-glass articles-such .as tunblers, wine-glasscs, and similar articles of glassware-after they have been formed in the mold, preparatory to the finishing operation of polishing or smoothing the edge after being removed from the blow-iron.

Hcretofore the blown article has been centered in a suitable cav ity in the end of a revolving chuck, with the top end projeeting from the edge or face of the chuck a sufficient distance to permit of the end of the article being cut off at the desired length by means of a wire drawn across it at right angles, which scored the glass at the line of contact, and caused it to separate or erase sufficiently to be easily cracked off by the application of noisture to the heated surface of the glass. This mode of cracking` off, as it is known to the trade, is attended with considerable loss from broken ware and gives unsatisfaetory results. The upper portion of the article as it comes from the blow-iron is cone-shaped, and is usually much less in length than the portion which is to constitutc the finished howl or tumbler, and the tapering portion, as it nears the apex, is much heavier and stronger. consequently it cannot be separated readily from the thin shell of the article in the manner it is held in the chuck without danger of injury to the wall of the same during the operation of craeking olf the end.

| revolving chuck, to place the top end in the eavity and with the aid of a wire or other well-known means to score the article, and by the application of a. drop of water to crack it oti" at the desired length. In this way the se vered article falls into the hands of the operator, and the top end eitherremains in the chuck, to be removed by the worknan, or falls out of its own accord.

Second. We further propose, where the articles are ot' such a nature to demand a different treatment, to substitute for the cuttingwire in common use a revolving chuck, having a suitable recess or cavitv in its face adapted to encompass the top end of the article when pushed into it, and, by frictional contact of the interier surface of the chuck with the outer surface ofthe article, to so heat the same that it -can be readily cracked off by the application of moisture in the usual manner.

Third. Our invention further consists of the conbination of two chucks, one chuck having a suitable recess or cavity to hold the base of the article firmly in position, and capable of being moved lengthwise of the lathe-bed, and the other'chuck arranged to revolve with suitable power, and provided with a recess or cavity adapted to encircle the tapering or top end ot' the article as it is pushed into it, and by frictional contact so heat the end of the article that it may readily be cracked oli' bythe application of moisture to the heated'surface.

The figure is a sectional view of our invention.

The letter A designates the lathe-bed or table, upon which is Secured standards B B to support a stationary revolving shaft, O, pro vided with a pulley, D, for the application of power.

G is a. small shaft on a central line with the shaft C, provided with a suitable pnlley tor the application of power, if needed, and so arranged on standards H H that it is capable of being moved lengthwise of the machine, it being provided with a hand-lever, M, or an equivalent shifting device for that purpose.

E and F are go'blet-shaped chucks Secured to the end of the shafts O and Gr. They are made prefcrably of cast metal, having a cylindrical bore or cavity in the face to receive the end of the article to be cracked off, and the cavities are fitted on the inside with a rin g, K,

IOO

of cork or an equivalent substance, calculated to give a smooth frictional contact with the surface of the glass article.

N is the article to be operated on.

The mode of operationis as follows: Power is applied to the chuck E, and thelatter made to revolve at a high rate of speed. The article to be cut oti' is then placed, bottom end first, into the cavity of the chuck F. The operator, by means of his hand or a suitable adjusting-lever, moves the shaft Gr lengthwise toward the chuck E, thus hringin g the two chucks together. The end of the article Secured in the chuck F is forced into the cavity of the chuck E until it comes in contact with the edge of the cork ring, which soon heats the glass at the line of contact suciently hot to cause it to he readily cracked off by simply wetting the heated end with a drop of water.

It will be seen that for some articles-such as gas-lamp globes and signal-lights, pitchers, &0.-the chuck F is not adaptcd to hold them, and they must he held by the hand of the op erator; but for light articles, where it is intended to crack them olf by frictional contact with the revolving chuck E, it greatly facilitates the operation by holding the article steady, and thus insuring a clear smooth fraeture without liability ot'breakage. The pressure of the chncks on both ends of the article is about equal, and consequently there is not the same liability of breakage as where the thinnest portion of the article is held rigid while the heavier or thicker portion is being broken ofl', as heretofore pracliced.

The cork lining is a' very important adjunct to the revolving chuck, the advantage being that the cork does not darken the glass at the line of contact, as is the case when a wire is used to score the articles, necessitating the grinding back of the edge in order to remove the discoloration. I found that will accomplish the same result; th'erefore we do not wish to confine ourselves solely to the use of cork for this purpose;

In some cases it may be desirable to revolve both chucks, turning them in different directions, and for this purpose we have shown a pulley on the shaft Gfor the application ot' power.

Having described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. The process of cracking ofi' the ends of blown glassware, which consists in rotating the end of the article within a hollow stationary chuck, by frictional contact with which it is heated.

2. The ombination of a stationary chuck adapted to hold the end of the article to be operated. on, and capable of lengthwise adjustment, and a revolving chuck having a suitably-shaped cavity in its face and a cork bushiu g to encompass the end of the article, and by frictional contact so beat the same that the end can readily be cracked oti', substantially as herein shown.

3. The combination, with a revolving chuck having a cavity to receive the glass article, of a stationary chuck for holding said article in contact with the revolvig chuck, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that we do claim the foregoig.

as our own we hereby affix our signatures in presence ot' two witnesses.

EDWARD H. UHILDS. OHARLIE R. POWELL. Witnesses J. V. L. RoDGERs, ELISHA B. HOWARD.

Other materials may be 

